Laterite is a soil and rock type rich in iron and aluminium and is commonly considered to have formed in hot and wet tropical areas. Nearly all laterites are of rusty-red coloration, because of high iron oxide content. They develop by intensive and prolonged weathering of the underlying parent rock. Tropical weathering (laterization) is a prolonged process of chemical weathering which produces a wide variety in the thickness, grade, chemistry and ore mineralogy of the resulting soils. The majority of the land area cont
Laterite ores are formed by the process of weathering and normally found in tropical regions where weathering extracts and deposits it in layers at varying depths below the ground surface. Laterite ores are excavated using large earth moving equipment and are screened to remove boulders.
to process the laterite ore is the low temperature route of process. Such a process is quite simple, in which the laterite ore is dissolved in acid solution prior to the refining stage. Iron dissolution is a very important step; it determines the recovery of iron for the whole process (Solihin, Mubarok, et al. 2015).
Laterite ores typically contain less than 2% nickel and consist of finely disseminated minerals, which are used to classify the ore into several key zones based on their degree of geological weathering and associated depth below ground level. Laterite resources commonly contain large quantities of iron-rich minerals, typically referred to as
Lateritic ores are formed by prolonged weathering of ultramafic rocks. The laterite deposits exhibit graded layers of ore, with high iron, low nickel ore on top and low iron, high nickel ore below. The low iron (< 15 % Fe) ores containing 1.7 — 2.3% Ni are treated by pyrometallurgical processes to produce ferronickel or matte. High iron (> 35 % Fe)
Presenters at technical conferences over the past few years have highlighted laterite ore processing challenges, which include high energy requirements involving both heat and pressure, high consumption of expensive reagents and sulphuric acid, and environmental risks, to name just a few.
Fundamental to the formation of ferricrete and laterite is the formation and accumulation of insoluble ferric iron in soils and regolith. Laterites form principally as a result of the removal of mobile elements associated with prolonged and intense chemical weathering (Aleva, 1994; Widdowson, 2007). Accumulation of iron can, and frequently does, also occur as a result of migration of iron into soil or
Nickel Laterite Ore Processing. Nickel laterite ore processing depends on the zone from which the ore is mined. As outlined earlier, each zone within a laterite deposit is very different in its chemical composition and, therefore, restricts the processing technique that can be
Jan 29, 2014· After many millions of years what is left is called a “laterite”, which can be either iron-rich, or in extreme cases, aluminium-rich (i.e. bauxite). Most lateritic bauxites were formed in a period from the mid-Cretaceous to the late-Tertiary, that is, 100 million to 2 million years ago. During this time, laterite formation was not continuous.
Laterite carry enriched grade of Fe, Al, Mn, Ni, Cu, Ti, and V. Lateritic cover can turn in to low-grade iron, aluminum, nickel-copper and gold deposits with the increase of metal content. Geochemical studies of laterite have been successfully used in exploration for Ni-Cu and gold deposits in Western Australia and Ni deposit of Kansa at
development team was to recover other saleable by-products, in particular iron from limonitic-type ore deposits, leading to the development of the iron focussed laterite (ARFe) process (Smit et al., 2011). ARFe is a sulphate based atmospheric leaching process where
Laterite, soil layer that is rich in iron oxide and derived from a wide variety of rocks weathering under strongly oxidizing and leaching conditions. It forms in tropical and subtropical regions where the climate is humid. Lateritic soils may contain clay minerals; but they tend to be silica-poor,
Sulfuric acid pressurizing acid leaching process is suitable for treating brown iron ore type laterite ore including lower magnesia, the principle of pressurizing acid leaching process is as the following picture, the largest advantages of this process is the return rate of metal could reach over 90%,
Process >1.5% Ni to 2% Ni Ore 5% to 15% Ni Pig Iron. Requires low Fe laterite. High electrical consumption . No constraints on Ni or Fe. Low electrical consumption. Untested only ferromanganese . Ferronickel technologies suitable for nickel laterite ores [Pyrometallurgy] GITS
Lateritic weathering of metamorphosed Proterozoic banded iron-formation (BIF), locally named itabirite in Brazil, produced large deposits of iron ore. At the Capanema iron-ore mine in the Quadrilatero Ferrifero in Minas Gerais state (southeast Brazil), the BIF is a bedded metasedimentary rock composed essentially of layers of hematite/kenomagnetite alternating with layers of quartz.
The main reason for this is innovative processing techniques developed in China to process the low grade laterite nickel ores into nickel pig iron which has typical nickel contents between approx. 5 and 13%. These production processes have always been more difficult than the processing of the more commonly nickel sulphide.
An atmospheric leaching process for the recovery of a nickel and cobalt from a lateritic ore includes (a) preparing a slurry of the lateritic ore with saline or hypersaline water having a total dissolved solids (TDS) content greater than 30 g/L; (b) leaching the slurry of the lateritic ore with sulfuric acid at atmospheric pressure, and (c) recovering nickel and cobalt from the resultant leachate.
Selective nickel-iron separation from atmospheric leach liquor of a lateritic nickel ore 217 g/dm 33Ni, 54.28 g/dm Fe and 0.14 g/dm Co (B); 5.24 g/dm Ni, 108.56 g/dm3 Fe and 0.28 g/dm3 Co (C). The tests were carried out for 60 min, and the obtained results are shown in Figs. 3,
A lateritic ore sample obtained from Caldag-Manisa (Turkey) was used in the tests. The chemical analyses of lateritic ore sample were performed out using Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) and X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) methods, and the results are presented in Table 1. To characterize the mineralogy of the sample, polished sections
rences of high-grade ore [in Malaya] are quite distinct from the concretionary deposits of ironstone, very wide-spreadthroughout Malaya [and Southeast Asia generally], but too shallow and containing too low a content of iron to be of com-mercial value as iron ore. The concretions are known as ‘‘laterite’’ (Harris and Willbourn 1940: 25).
Laterite Iron Ore Processing Plants: Star Trace offers turnkey solutions for laterite iron ore processing plants. We are one of the leading project suppliers for laterite iron ore plants and we work closely with our customers to fulfill their specific needs for a customized packaged solution.
Mar 02, 2011· The Itakpe iron ore is haematite rich, this mineral being inter-grown with magnetite and silica as its major impurity. It has an iron ore deposit of about 200 million tonnes with an average ore content of 36 % (Adepoju and Olaleye, 2001). Results of research conducted by Soframine (1987) on Itakpe iron ore show that the
The invention relates to the field of non-ferrous metallurgy and specifically to a method for processing laterite (oxidized nickel) ores with the direct production of ferronickel in the form of metal granules. The method comprises mixing the ore with a solid reducing agent and with fluxing additives, briquetting the resultant mixture, a reduction firing of the briquetted charge in tubular